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Schaff, Philip. History of the Christian Church (The Complete Eight Volumes in One). Amazon Kindle Edition, 2014.
Volume 2, Ante-Nicene Christianity A.D. 100-325, “Chapter 11. The Heresies of the Ante-Nicene Age” Sections 112-136, Loc. 17655-18757.
§ 119. Cultus and Organization.
Upon consideration of the actual outcome of Gnostic beliefs, Schaff finds they “led consistently to naked intellectual simplicity” (Schaff 2014, Loc. 18093). By this, Schaff means that sacramental understanding would disappear, often leaving a very self-mediated form of religion, depending only on the enlightened self. Some, however, especially the Marcosians, added special rituals and secret knowledge into corporate worship (Schaff 2014, Loc. 18101). From a standpoint of external organization, there were no overarching sectarian structures. Schaff describes it more “as a multitude of philosophical schools” (Schaff 2014, Loc. 18109).