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John 10 Questions for Reflection and Discussion

11/6/2022

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Picture
This is an interesting piece of tile, thought to date to the fourth century. Despite the presence of relatively high art by the fourth century, both of Christian and pagan themes, the folk art style is predominant in this inscribed tile. I chose this illustration partly due to the peaceful nature of the scene and partly as a reminder that people of all sorts of artistic abilities have depicted the Savior in various settings. Jesus, described in John 10 as the good shepherd, is depicted with two sheep in a pastoral setting. Notice that the sheep are looking to him as the one who provides their needs and guards them. The tile is in the collection of the museum at the Baths of Diocletian in Rome. The baths themselves were commissioned at the very end of the third century, but have since been converted into a church complex and then a museum.

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John 10 Questions for Reflection and Discussion

Notice in the Bible we refer to the following:
  Book - John (there are many different "books" in the one book of the Bible),
  Chapter - Normally found as a big numeric heading. John has 21 chapters,
  Verse - a segment usually about a sentence long.
The chapter and verse markings were added to the text as a handy index about 800 years ago. They are the same in virtually every different translation.

Here's a link to John chapter 10. You can also compare the text in several different languages and translations.

If you want a copy of John's Gospel in print, we're happy to meet you around the Mizzou campus and put one into your hand!

1. Jesus presents himself in this chapter as a shepherd, and his followers as a flock of sheep. What does this imply about Jesus' view of himself and of his followers?

2. The religious leaders who surrounded Jesus in the temple wanted Jesus to show a sign which would defend his claims to be the Messiah. What claims was he making? How had his claims been demonstrated or not demonstrated?

3. What is the fundamental difference in Jesus' estimation between being part of his flock and being a "thief," "robber," or "wolf"?

4. How would you describe yourself in light of John chapter 10?

Be sure to ask your questions and share your ideas in the comments for this post!

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Jesus the Good Shepherd

11/6/2022

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John 10:1-21 records a discussion of Jesus as the shepherd (Carson 1991, 379). Carson notes that some scholarship considers this to be a dislocated piece of material. He does not think it necessary to rearrange the narrative (Carson 1991, 380). In the text, Jesus compares himself to a shepherd as opposed to violent outsiders who harm the sheep. Carson makes the very natural connection to Ezekiel 34, along with other passages witha  motif of sheep and shepherd (Carson 1991, 381). In verse six, since Jesus’ opponents do not understand what he is talking about, Jesus shifts to a more detailed explanation. The opponents do not understand this either (Carson 1991, 383). Carson considers the changes in metaphor to be an expansion, not a completely different idea (Carson 1991, 384). The intensification includes the idea of the shepherd laying down his life. This is not an example. Rather, it is a substitution. The work of Jesus is clearly that of a savior (Carson 1991, 386). Carson goes on to emphasize that the New Testament never shows Jesus as merely an example to people who make themselves like him. It always sees Jesus as the savior who rescues helpless people. Further, Jesus dies not to earn the Father’s love, but in order to rise and gather others to the Father (Carson 1991, 388).

The remainder of John 10 sees Jesus making claims as the Christ. These claims result in open opposition (Carson 1991, 390). Carson gives a brief history of the Feast of Dedication from verses 22-23 (Carson 1991, 391). This Feast is now known as Hanukkah, also the Feast of Lights. Carson notes several reasons why Jesus would not want to proclaim himself the Messiah (Carson 1991, 392). Despite these reasons, Jesus begins to lay out what kind of Messiah he is in verse 25. Carson again notes that Jesus’ hearers, not being his “sheep,” are not going to understand (Carson 1991, 393). Nevertheless, the Father and Son have one will. Together they care for the sheep. Carson is clear that in verse 30 this refers to a “metaphysical unity,” not one person or merely of one will (Carson 1991, 395).

Because Jesus’ opponents understood him to be making claims to deity, they desired to kill him. Carson points out the urgency with which they may have wished to act (Carson 1991, 396). Jesus remains present long enough to press his claims more. His reference to Psalm 82 is decidedly cryptic. Carsn evaluates some of the possible explanations. He concludes that Jesus is giving a biblical reason not to assume that he is speaking wrongly. This buys him an opportunity to appeal again to his miracles (Carson 1991, 399). As the chapter ends, Jesus leaves Jerusalem to go back to where John was widely accepted. There he is contrasted to John, who did not do miracles (Carson 1991, 400).


Carson, D. A. The Gospel According to John. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1991. 

Carson, D. A., and Douglas J. Moo.  An Introduction to the New Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2005. 


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John 10 Annotated

11/6/2022

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John Chapter 10 Annotated
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