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John 16 Questions for Reflection and Discussion

1/29/2023

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Picture
This picture, measuring approximately 10x20 inches, is of English origin. Unfortunately, we don't know who the artist might have been. It looks like it may have been an illustration in an illuminated lectionary. According to the Ivan Honchar Museum in Kyiv, where the work resides, it was made between 1590 and 1620. Notice on the left, the disciples seem rather annoyed that Jesus is going to be leaving them. Possibly they are picturing themselves left behind and Jesus (who has a name tag above) watching them from heaven but not doing much. On the right, when Jesus is giving them the Holy Spirit, in the form of a dove, they seem to be doing much better. Interestingly enough, though from some perspectives Peter would be expected on the seat in the middle. Peter is normally pictured as an old man, and he is standing beside the seat. The person on the seat is probably James of Jerusalem, who presided over the council described in Acts chapter 15.

Notice in the Bible we refer to the following:
  Book - John (there are many different "books" in the one book of the Bible),
  Chapter - Normally found as a big numeric heading. John has 21 chapters,
  Verse - a segment usually about a sentence long.
The chapter and verse markings were added to the text as a handy index about 800 years ago. They are the same in virtually every different translation.
Here's a link to John chapter 16. You can also compare the text in several different languages and translations.
If you want a copy of John's Gospel in print, we're happy to meet you around the Mizzou campus and put one into your hand!
1. In John 16, the disciples don't like Jesus' statements that he is going away. What is Jesus' purpose in going away? What good will it do?

2. Jesus says that "the world" hates him and the Father. What can we see that makes this seem true? Are there signs that our world also loves the Father and the Son? How do we reconcile these attitudes?

3. List the things John 16 says the Holy Spirit will do. Why are these important? Is this a complete list of the things the Holy Spirit does?

4. What is it that will turn the disciples' sorrow into joy?

5. When we think of Jesus overcoming the world, what do we picture?

Be sure to ask your questions and share your ideas in the comments for this post!

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The Holy Spirit's Work in a Hostile World

1/29/2023

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John 15:17-16:4 speaks to the world’s opposition to Christ and his people. Carson notes that the theological difference between  Church and the world is fundamental. The differences result in a different sociology which provokes enmity (Carson 1991, 524). A Christian view of joyful submission to God is foreign to a world which wishes to assert the independent individual (Carson 1991, 525). Despite this opposition, Jesus is clear in verses 22 and following that God’s redemptive work is not in any danger (Carson 1991, 527). The Scriptures point to redemption. There is no need to doubt God’s plan. It is confirmed by the coming of the Holy Spirit, who will testify about Jesus (Carson 1991, 529). Carson sees the important emphasis not on the source of the procession of the Holy Spirit but on the fact that the Holy Spirit will work as Jesus is ascended. In sum, the persecution faced by Christians is to be seen as a rejection of Jesus. Carson concludes that many times there are clear ideological reasons which lead to the death of Christians (Carson 1991, 531).

John 16:4-15 speaks of the Holy Spirit’s work (Carson 1991, 532). The passage does not follow as clearly as some commentators would like. Carson suggests that the disciples’ questioning of Jesus’ departure is not their actual concern. They may rather be expressing grief that he is leaving at all (Carson 1991, 533). The disciples are clearly (vv. 6-7) filled with grief. Jesus promises the Holy Spirit to relieve their grief. The Spirit will make the sinfulness of sin obvious. He will demonstrate that the world is guilty (Carson 1991, 535). Though some of the nuances of the language can be debated, it is clear that the Holy Spirit confirms the work of Jesus. While Jesus is the authoritative Word of God, the Holy Spirit enables Jesus’ people to interpret him well (Carson 1991, 539). 

John 16:16-33 looks ahead to a future joy (Carson 1991, 542). This future time is unclear. It could refer to the time after the resurrection or to a future second coming (Carson 1991, 543). Regardless, as shown in 16:17-18, the disciples are unprepared for the resurrection. It does not make sense to them. Jesus reassures them that their sorrow will turn to joy (Carson 1991, 544). The communication with God will also be wide open. Vese 24 speaks of a very direct kind of prayer (Carson 1991, 545). The care of the Father is very present for the Christian (Carson 1991, 547). The section ends with Jesus’ listeners affirming their understanding and commitment. Jesus contradicts their testimony. They will not be loyal. Yet, in verse 33, they will be restored (Carson 1991, 548-549).

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John Chapter 16 Annotated

1/29/2023

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John Chapter 16 Annotated
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